Optimasi Proses Ekstraksi Dan Uji Aplikasi Pewarnaan Kain Menggunakan Pewarna Alami Dari Daun Susupan Gunung (Mimosa pigra L.)

Abstract

Susupan gunung (Mimosa pigra L.) is a weed that grows wild and is often found in peatlands. This plant can grow in tropical and subtropical regions. Phytochemical analysis of the leaves of susupan gunung has shown that the leaves contain tannin compounds, indicating the potential of these leaves to be a source of natural textile dyes. Natural dyes can replace synthetic dyes in the textile industry, which can pollute the environment due to their carcinogenic nature. This research to find the optimal operating conditions for extracting natural dyes from susupan gunung leaves and to test the dyeing quality of cotton fabric using susupan gunung leaf extract. The variables used in the extraction process are temperature, time, and ratio of raw material to solvent volume. The tannin concentration in the extract was analyzed using the volumetric method and optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with the Box-Behnken model. Fabric dyeing was performed using alum, iron, and calcium as mordants after dyeing the fabric. The result of this research indicate that the optimal operating conditions are at a temperature of 77^oC, a time of 40 minutes, and a raw material to solvent volume ratio of 1:8, with a tannin concentration of 0,004 g/ml. The best fabric dyeing quality results were obtained using alum mordant, with a colorfastness rating of 4-5 (good) for washing and a colorfastness rating of 5 (very good)for rubbing.